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New York Journal of Mathematics
Volume 32 (2026), 719-736

  

Josse van Dobben de Bruyn, David Holmes, and David van der Vorm

Divisorial and geometric gonality of higher-rank tropical curves

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Published: May 9, 2026.
Keywords: Metric graph, monoid-metrised graph, finite graph, gonality, divisor, harmonic homomorphism, treewidth, logarithmic geometry.
Subject [2020]: Primary: 14T15; Secondary: 14A21, 05C25, 14H51, 05C90.

Abstract
We consider a variant of metrised graphs where the edge lengths take values in a commutative monoid, as a higher-rank generalisation of the notion of a tropical curve. Divisorial gonality, which Baker and Norine defined on combinatorial graphs in terms of a chip firing game, is extended to these monoid-metrised graphs. We define geometric gonality of a monoid-metrised graph as the minimal degree of a horizontally conformal, non-degenerate morphism onto an monoid-metrised tree, and prove that geometric gonality is an upper bound for divisorial gonality in the monoid-metrised case. We also show the existence of a subdivision of the underlying graph whose gonality is no larger than the monoid-metrised gonality. Finally, we relate our notion of geometric gonality to the minimal degree of a map between logarithmic curves.

Acknowledgements

JvDdB was partially supported by the Dutch Research Council (NWO), project number 613.009.127. DH was partially supported by the Dutch Research Council (NWO), project number VI.Vidi.193.006.


Author information

Josse van Dobben de Bruyn
Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics
Delft University of Technology
Van Mourik Broekmanweg 6
2628 XE Delft, The Netherlands; and
Charles University
Department of Applied Mathematics
Malostranske namesti 25
118 00 Praha 1, Czech Republic

josse.van-dobben-de-bruyn@matfyz.cuni.cz

David Holmes
Mathematical Institute
Leiden University
P.O. Box 9512, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands

holmesdst@math.leidenuniv.nl

David van der Vorm
Mathematical Institute
Leiden University
P.O. Box 9512, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands

w.d.van.der.vorm@umail.leidenuniv.nl