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New York Journal of Mathematics
Volume 30 (2024), 722-744

  

Debattam Das and Krishnendu Gongopadhyay

Reciprocity in the Hecke groups

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Published: May 9, 2024.
Keywords: Hecke groups, Fuchsian groups, reversible elements, reciprocal elements, infinite dihedral subgroups.
Subject [2020]: Primary 11F06; Secondary 20H10, 20H05.

Abstract
An element g in a group G is called reciprocal if there exists h in G such that
g-1=hgh-1. The reciprocal elements are also known as `real elements' or `reversible elements' in the literature. In this paper, we consider the Hecke groups, which are Fuchsian groups of the first kind and generalizations of the modular group. We have classified and parametrized the reciprocal classes in the Hecke groups. This generalizes a result by Sarnak on the reciprocal elements in the modular group.

Acknowledgements

The authors thank the referee for many comments and suggestions to improve the exposition of this paper. Das acknowledges full support from a UGC-NFSC research fellowship during the course of this work. Gongopadhyay acknowledges partial support from the SERB core research grant CRG/2022/003680.


Author information

Debattam Das
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
Knowledge City, Sector 81
S.A.S. Nagar 140306, Punjab, India

debattam123@gmail.com

Krishnendu Gongopadhyay
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
Knowledge City, Sector 81
S.A.S. Nagar 140306, Punjab, India

krishnendug@gmail.com