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New York Journal of Mathematics
Volume 32 (2026), 1017-1036

  

A. Ballester-Bolinches, R. Esteban-Romero, L. A. Kurdachenko, and V. Perez-Calabuig

On left braces in which every subbrace is an ideal II

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Published: June 9, 2026.
Keywords: left braces, Yang-Baxter equation, Dedekind left braces, non-periodic groups.
Subject [2020]: 16T25, 16N40, 81R50.

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to take the study of Dedekind braces, that is, left braces for which every subbrace is an ideal, started in a previous paper, further. Dedekind braces A whose additive group is non-periodic are analysed. We prove sufficient conditions for A to be abelian: it is enough that every element is 2-nilpotent for the star operation; and, if A is hypermultipermutational, it suffices that the additive group of the socle is torsion-free. Both conditions can be translated in terms of set-theoretical solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation. In addition, we prove a structural theorem for the case of A to be a multipermutational brace of level 2.

Acknowledgements

All authors are supported by the grant: PID2024-159495NB-I00, funded by MICIU / AEI / 10.13039/501100011033 / FEDER, UE. The first, second, and fourth authors are supported by the grant: CIAICO/2023/007, funded by Conselleria d'Educacio, Universitats i Ocupacio, Generalitat Valenciana. The third author is very grateful to the Conselleria d'Innovacio, Universitats, Ciencia i Societat Digital of the Generalitat (Valencian Community, Spain) and the Universitat de Valencia for their financial support and grant to host researchers affected by the war in Ukraine in research centres of the Valencian Community.


Author information

A. Ballester-Bolinches
Departament de Matematiques
Universitat de Valencia
Av. Vicent Andrés Estelles, 19
46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain

Adolfo.Ballester@uv.es

R. Esteban-Romero
Departament de Matematiques
Universitat de Valencia
Av. Vicent Andrés Estelles, 19
46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain

Ramon.Esteban@uv.es

L. A. Kurdachenko
Department of Algebra and Geometry
Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Dnipro 49010, Ukraine

lkurdachenko@gmail.com

V. Perez-Calabuig
Departament de Matematiques
Universitat de Valencia
Av. Vicent Andrés Estelles, 19
46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain

Vicent.Perez-Calabuig@uv.es